{"id":16036,"date":"2011-11-16T05:30:00","date_gmt":"2011-11-16T07:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silutesnaujienos.lt\/lt\/ar-skudes-kada-nors-vel-rupsnos-zalias-pamario-pievas\/"},"modified":"2011-11-16T05:30:00","modified_gmt":"2011-11-16T07:30:00","slug":"ar-skudes-kada-nors-vel-rupsnos-zalias-pamario-pievas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silutesnaujienos.lt\/lt\/ar-skudes-kada-nors-vel-rupsnos-zalias-pamario-pievas\/","title":{"rendered":"Ar \u0161kud\u0117s kada nors v\u0117l rup\u0161nos \u017ealias Pamario pievas?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"skudes<\/a>Kadaise po Pamario pievas laks\u010diusios senosios balti\u0161kos avys – \u0161kud\u0117s v\u0117l gr\u012f\u017eta \u012f Lietuv\u0105. Ta\u010diau, deja, kol kas jos rup\u0161noja tik Auk\u0161taitijos ir vieno ma\u017eo kaimelio \u017demaitijoje, netoli Garg\u017ed\u0173, \u017eol\u0119. Galb\u016bt d\u0117l to, kad \u0161kud\u0117s \u012f Lietuv\u0105 gr\u0105\u017eintos palyginti neseniai – ma\u017edaug prie\u0161 \u0161e\u0161erius metus.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tada Lietuvos \u0161kud\u017ei\u0173 avi\u0173 augintoj\u0173 asociacija kartu su Heifer labdaros fondu \u012f Lietuv\u0105 v\u0117l atgabeno nauj\u0105 sen\u0173j\u0173 balti\u0161k\u0173 avi\u0173 \u0161kud\u017ei\u0173 band\u0105.<\/p>\n

\u0160kud\u0117s – pasaulyje saugoma veisl\u0117<\/strong><\/p>\n

Balt\u0173 \u017eem\u0117se kadaise nat\u016braliai gyvenusios avys \u0161iandien dar n\u0117ra pla\u010diai \u017einomos m\u016bs\u0173 \u0161alyje, nors j\u0173 t\u0117vyn\u0117 oficialiai skelbiama Lietuva, Ma\u017eoji Lietuva, Pamarys ir visa Ryt\u0173 Pr\u016bsija.<\/p>\n

\u0160kud\u017ei\u0173 veisl\u0117 laikoma viena seniausi\u0173 – aborigenine veisle. Ji am\u017eiams b\u0117gant ma\u017eiausiai pakito ir i\u0161laik\u0117 savo gryn\u0105 genetin\u0119 linij\u0105 grynakrauj\u0173 avi\u0173 veisli\u0173 pasaulyje. Ankstyvieji keleto t\u016bkstan\u010di\u0173 met\u0173 senumo istoriniai tekstil\u0117s radiniai Baltijos regione – Ryt\u0173 Pr\u016bsijoje, Lietuvos teritorijoje ir kitose Baltijos\u0161alyse – patvirtina, kad tuomet\u0117 \u0161ios veisl\u0117s vilna yra tapati \u0161iandieninei.<\/p>\n

I\u0161 Lietuvos jos, galima sakyti, buvo i\u0161tremtos, kadangi ir \u017emon\u0117s i\u0161 \u010dia buvo tremiami, naikinami kar\u0173. Lietuvos \u0161kud\u017ei\u0173 avi\u0173 augintoj\u0173 asociacijos (L\u0160AAA) duomenimis, po II pasaulinio karo Lietuvoje buvo belikusi tik viena kita \u0161ios veisl\u0117s avis, nors dar 1930 m. j\u0173 buvo priskai\u010diuojama iki 70 t\u016bkst.
\"skudes<\/a>
Tik keleto entuziast\u0173 avi\u0173 augintoj\u0173 pastangomis Vokietijoje buvo pama\u017eu atkurta gyvybinga populiacija. Lietuvoje ir dar keliose Baltijos regiono vietov\u0117se rastos grynakrauj\u0117s \u0161kud\u0117s buvo ve\u017eamos \u012f Vokietij\u0105 ir ten veisiamos.<\/p>\n

Dabar \u0161kud\u017ei\u0173 veisl\u0117s avi\u0173 priskai\u010diuojama apie 5 t\u016bkstan\u010dius. Daugiausia j\u0173 auginama Vokietijoje, \u0160veicarijoje, Olandijoje. Jos yra \u012ftrauktos \u012f Vokietijos sen\u0173 ir nykstan\u010di\u0173 gyv\u016bn\u0173 veisli\u0173 organizacijos s\u0105ra\u0161\u0105 (GEH), \u012f Pasaulio \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio gyv\u016bn\u0173 \u012fvairov\u0117s duomen\u0173 bank\u0105, \u012fsteigt\u0105 prie Pasaulin\u0117s maisto ir \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio organizacijos, taip pat – \u012f Pasaulio \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio gyv\u016bn\u0173 \u012fvairov\u0117s katalog\u0105 bei pripa\u017einta saugotina ir nykstan\u010dia veisle.<\/p>\n

Tyrime minima \u0160ilokar\u010dema<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0160iuo metu Lietuvoje auginama apie 150 \u0161kud\u017ei\u0173 veisl\u0117s avi\u0173, ta\u010diau jos vis dar n\u0117ra \u012ftrauktos \u012f Lietuvos \u016bkini\u0173 gyv\u016bn\u0173 genetini\u0173 i\u0161tekli\u0173 s\u0105ra\u0161\u0105 bei Lietuvos tautinio paveldo produkt\u0173 registr\u0105. Tod\u0117l valstybin\u0117 apsauga ir globa \u0161iai senai ir retai avi\u0173 veislei neu\u017etikrinta. <\/p>\n

L\u0160AAA pirmininkas K\u0119stutis Samu\u0161is pasakojo, kad \u0161ios avi\u0173 veisl\u0117s augintojai Lietuvoje \u012f asociacij\u0105 susib\u016br\u0117 d\u0117l to, kad b\u016bt\u0173 galima suvienyti pastangas Lietuvos kult\u016brai, istorijai ir tautiniam paveldui svarbios lietuvi\u0161k\u0173 avi\u0173 populiacijos i\u0161saugojimui ir gausinimui bei suburti kuo didesn\u012f bendramin\u010di\u0173 rat\u0105, norin\u010di\u0173 jas auginti ir tuo prisid\u0117ti prie \u0161kud\u017ei\u0173 veisl\u0117s avi\u0173 sugr\u0105\u017einimo \u012f Lietuv\u0105 – j\u0173 kilm\u0117s \u0161al\u012f.<\/p>\n

\u201e\u0160ilut\u0117s naujienoms\u201c K.Samu\u0161is sak\u0117, kad vienas vokie\u010di\u0173 mokslininkas yra atlik\u0119s i\u0161sam\u0173 tyrim\u0105, kuris rodo, kad \u0161kud\u0117s yra b\u016btent lietuvi\u0161kos kilm\u0117s avys, o tyrime senuoju \u0160ilokar\u010demos pavadinimu minima ir \u0160ilut\u0117.<\/p>\n

\"skudes<\/a>Labai atsparios ir nereiklios<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0160kud\u0117s d\u0117l savo maitinimosi \u012fpro\u010di\u0173 ir nereiklumo idealiai tinka piev\u0173, ganykl\u0173 nuganymui ir teritorij\u0173 prie\u017ei\u016brai, j\u0173 ekologinis privalumas yra sugeb\u0117jimas \u012fsisavinti palyginti didel\u012f racion\u0105 skirting\u0173 augal\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173, jos gerai nugrau\u017eia \u017eol\u0119. \u0160kud\u0117s mielai grau\u017eia netgi kr\u016bmok\u0161nius ar tokias pikt\u017eoles kaip usnys, renka nukritusius med\u017ei\u0173 lapus. \u0160kud\u0117s puikiai tinka kra\u0161tovaizd\u017eio prie\u017ei\u016brai.<\/p>\n

\u017diemos metu svarbu jas \u0161erti ne tik \u0161ienu, bet papildyti racion\u0105 ir lapuo\u010di\u0173, spygliuo\u010di\u0173 \u0161akel\u0117mis ar stiebais. \u0160kud\u0117s yra ma\u017eesn\u0117s ir lengvesn\u0117s nei kit\u0173 veisli\u0173 avys, tod\u0117l \u0161kud\u0117ms reikia ma\u017eesnio pa\u0161ar\u0173 kiekio.<\/p>\n

\u0160kud\u017ei\u0173 veisl\u0117s avims b\u016bdingas nepaprastas prisiri\u0161imas prie savo teritorijos ir akivaizdus pom\u0117gis bendrauti bandose. \u0160ioms avims nereikia tvarto, ma\u017eomis grupel\u0117mis jas galima tiek vasar\u0105, tiek \u017eiem\u0105 laikyti lauke, joms \u012frengus saus\u0105, nuo v\u0117jo apsaugot\u0105 pastog\u0119 – \u0161ios veisl\u0117s avys pasi\u017eymi dideliu atsparumu aplinkos veiksniams, labai atsparios parazitams ir ligoms.<\/p>\n

Toki\u0173 avi\u0173 ruja – nesezonin\u0117, tai rei\u0161kia, kad jos gali \u0117riuotis beveik bet kuriuo met\u0173 laiku, ta\u010diau daugiausiai \u0117riuk\u0173 atsivedama pavasar\u012f. \u0160kud\u017ei\u0173 veisl\u0117s avims \u0117riuojantis nereikia avi\u0173 augintojo pagalbos, kuri reikalinga ir teikiama daugelio kit\u0173 veisli\u0173 avims. Po ma\u017edaug 5 m\u0117nesius trukusio n\u0117\u0161tumo da\u017eniausiai pasaul\u012f i\u0161vysta 1-3 vikr\u016bs ir gyvybingi \u0117riukai.<\/p>\n

\u201ePas mus \u017eiemos metu avys \u0117riavosi net esant 23 laipsni\u0173 \u0161al\u010diui. \u0160kud\u0117s labai atsparios, prisitaikiusios prie m\u016bs\u0173 klimato\u201c, – pasakojo \u0161kud\u017ei\u0173 augintojas K.Samu\u0161is.<\/p>\n

Ypa\u010d vertinga ir sveika yra \u0161kud\u017ei\u0173 m\u0117sa. D\u0117l savo ypatingo maitinimosi raciono, l\u0117to augimo ir pusiau laukinio b\u016bdo \u0161i\u0173 avi\u0173 m\u0117sa yra liesa, neturi lajaus kvapo, turi daug neso\u010di\u0173j\u0173 riebi\u0173j\u0173 r\u016bg\u0161\u010di\u0173. Vokietijoje, kur \u0161iuo metu \u0161kud\u017ei\u0173 auginama bene daugiausia, \u0161i\u0173 avi\u0173 m\u0117sa yra laikoma delikatesine ir vertinama kaip laukiena.<\/p>\n

Ve\u017easi i\u0161 u\u017esienio<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kol kas Lietuvos \u0161kud\u017ei\u0173 augintojai pildo turimas bandas ir avi\u0173 neparduoda. I\u0161keliauja vienas kitas avinas, kuri\u0173 bandoje daug nereikia. Jaunos, galin\u010dios \u0117riuotis avys \u012f Lietuv\u0105 yra gabenamos i\u0161 Vokietijos, Lenkijos.<\/p>\n

\u201ePernai vienas \u0161kud\u017ei\u0173 augintojas avi\u0173 mums atve\u017e\u0117 i\u0161 Vokietijos. Mok\u0117jome po 600 lit\u0173 u\u017e vien\u0105. \u0160iemet avis patys ve\u017e\u0117m\u0117s i\u0161 Lenkijos, kainavo \u0161iek tiek pigiau. Kit\u0105met, ko gero, patys va\u017eiuosime \u012f Vokietij\u0105, tad kaina gali kilti ir iki 700 lit\u0173\u201c, – sak\u0117 K.Samu\u0161is.<\/p>\n

Pievoms gelb\u0117ti pirko karves<\/strong>\"skudes<\/a>
I\u0161 Pamario kilusios \u0161kud\u0117s ir dabar puikiai jaust\u0173si neapr\u0117piamose m\u016bs\u0173 pievose, ta\u010diau bent jau kol kas \u0161ios veisl\u0117s avi\u0173 \u0160ilut\u0117s rajone niekas neaugina.<\/p>\n

Pasak Rusn\u0117s gamtos fondo vykdomojo sekretoriaus Petro Lengvino, senesni \u017emon\u0117s Rusn\u0117je yra pasakoj\u0119, kad avys labai populiarios \u010dia nebuvo, nes es\u0105 d\u0117l dr\u0117gm\u0117s pasigaudavusios \u012fvairi\u0173 lig\u0173. Ta\u010diau, ko gero, kalb\u0117ta ne apie \u0161kud\u017ei\u0173 veisl\u0117s avis – po karo besikei\u010dian\u010dios gyventoj\u0173 kartos apie \u0161kudes papras\u010diausiai gal\u0117jo ne\u017einoti.<\/p>\n

Dabar salos pievas nuo kr\u016bm\u0173 gelbsti ne i\u0161 \u010dia kilusios avys, o specialiai nupirktos atve\u017etin\u0117s karv\u0117s.<\/p>\n

Prie\u0161 ma\u017edaug 8 metus Rusn\u0117s gamtos fondas svarst\u0117, kaip i\u0161gelb\u0117ti kr\u016bmok\u0161niais apaugusias ir ne\u0161ienautas salos pievas, ir para\u0161\u0117 projekt\u0105, kur\u012f finansavo Ma\u017e\u0173j\u0173 projekt\u0173 programa. Ji leido \u201e\u0161iam darbui\u201c atlikti nusipirkti 15 grynaveisli\u0173 \u201eHereford\u201c veisl\u0117s karvi\u0173 ir vien\u0105 buli\u0173.<\/p>\n

\u201eToki\u0173 m\u0117sini\u0173 galvij\u0173 prie\u017ei\u016bra buvo ai\u0161ki ir paprasta: mel\u017eti j\u0173 nereikia, u\u017etenka paprastesni\u0173 tvart\u0173\u201c, – pasakojo buv\u0119s projekto vykdytojas.<\/p>\n

M\u0117sini\u0173 gyvuli\u0173 prie\u017ei\u016br\u0105 vietos \u016bkininkai vykd\u0117 pagal sudarytas gyvuli\u0173 prie\u017ei\u016bros ir piev\u0173 \u0161ienavimo sutartis. Pagal projekte numatyt\u0105 schem\u0105 visi gim\u0119 buliukai kaip atlygis u\u017e darb\u0105 tapdavo \u016bkininko nuosavybe, o tely\u010dait\u0117s gr\u012f\u017edavo \u012f motinin\u0119 band\u0105 arba buvo perduodamos naujiems, \u012f projekto veikl\u0105 \u012fsijungiantiems \u016bkininkams.<\/p>\n

\u0160iuo metu min\u0117tus m\u0117sinius galvijus augina tik vienas \u016bkininkas, o daugel\u012f piev\u0173 prisi\u017ei\u016bri pienini\u0173 galvij\u0173 augintojai, tad pasak P.Lengvino, piev\u0173 \u201esanitar\u0173\u201c Rusn\u0117je pakanka.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kadaise po Pamario pievas laks\u010diusios senosios balti\u0161kos avys – \u0161kud\u0117s v\u0117l gr\u012f\u017eta \u012f Lietuv\u0105. Ta\u010diau, deja, kol kas jos rup\u0161noja tik Auk\u0161taitijos ir vieno ma\u017eo kaimelio \u017demaitijoje, netoli Garg\u017ed\u0173, \u017eol\u0119. Galb\u016bt d\u0117l to, kad \u0161kud\u0117s \u012f Lietuv\u0105 gr\u0105\u017eintos palyginti neseniai – ma\u017edaug prie\u0161 \u0161e\u0161erius metus. Tada Lietuvos \u0161kud\u017ei\u0173 avi\u0173 augintoj\u0173 asociacija kartu su Heifer labdaros […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16036","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-gamta"],"yoast_head":"\nAr \u0161kud\u0117s kada nors v\u0117l rup\u0161nos \u017ealias Pamario pievas? - \u0160ilut\u0117s naujienos<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silutesnaujienos.lt\/lt\/ar-skudes-kada-nors-vel-rupsnos-zalias-pamario-pievas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"lt_LT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ar \u0161kud\u0117s kada nors v\u0117l rup\u0161nos \u017ealias Pamario pievas? - \u0160ilut\u0117s naujienos\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kadaise po Pamario pievas laks\u010diusios senosios balti\u0161kos avys – \u0161kud\u0117s v\u0117l gr\u012f\u017eta \u012f Lietuv\u0105. Ta\u010diau, deja, kol kas jos rup\u0161noja tik Auk\u0161taitijos ir vieno ma\u017eo kaimelio \u017demaitijoje, netoli Garg\u017ed\u0173, \u017eol\u0119. Galb\u016bt d\u0117l to, kad \u0161kud\u0117s \u012f Lietuv\u0105 gr\u0105\u017eintos palyginti neseniai – ma\u017edaug prie\u0161 \u0161e\u0161erius metus. 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