{"id":583,"date":"2014-01-23T18:00:00","date_gmt":"2014-01-23T20:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silutesnaujienos.lt\/lt\/istyres-silutes-misko-dirvozemi-silutiskis-fizikas-aptiko-stebinanciu-dalyku\/"},"modified":"2014-01-23T18:00:00","modified_gmt":"2014-01-23T20:00:00","slug":"istyres-silutes-misko-dirvozemi-silutiskis-fizikas-aptiko-stebinanciu-dalyku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silutesnaujienos.lt\/lt\/istyres-silutes-misko-dirvozemi-silutiskis-fizikas-aptiko-stebinanciu-dalyku\/","title":{"rendered":"I\u0161tyr\u0119s \u0160ilut\u0117s mi\u0161ko dirvo\u017eem\u012f, \u0161iluti\u0161kis fizikas aptiko stebinan\u010di\u0173 dalyk\u0173"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Ezerinskis<\/a>Pernai baland\u017eio m\u0117nes\u012f ra\u0161\u0117me apie podoktorant\u016bros sta\u017euo\u010di\u0173 programoje dalyvaujant\u012f jaun\u0105 mokslinink\u0105 \u0161iluti\u0161k\u012f \u017dilvin\u0105 E\u017eerinsk\u012f.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Spalio m\u0117nes\u012f fizikas gr\u012f\u017eo i\u0161 antrosios sta\u017euot\u0117s Venecijoje, kur naudodamas naujausius mokslinius metodus, dirvo\u017eemio bandiniuose ie\u0161kojo radioaktyvi\u0173j\u0173 jod\u0173 daleli\u0173 p\u0117dsak\u0173.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Idant \u012fsitikint\u0173 gaut\u0173 rezultat\u0173 patikimumu, kelet\u0105 bandini\u0173 i\u0161 \u0160ilut\u0117s, Ryt\u0173 Lietuvos ir Grenlandijos mokslininkas i\u0161siunt\u0117 \u012f vien\u0105 Kinijos laboratorij\u0173, kuri turi labai jautr\u0173 aparat\u0105 – greitintuvin\u012f masi\u0173 spektrometr\u0105.<\/p>\n

\u201eNustebino, kad dirvo\u017eemio bandiniuose i\u0161 \u0160ilut\u0117s Rudyn\u0173 mi\u0161ko radioaktyvi\u0173j\u0173 nuklid\u0173 aptikta 10 kart\u0173 daugiau nei bandiniuose i\u0161 apylinki\u0173, esan\u010di\u0173 netoli Ignalinos atomin\u0117s elektrin\u0117s\u201c, – naujausiais tyrim\u0173 duomenimis \u0161okiruoja \u017d.E\u017eerinskis.<\/p>\n

Podoktorant\u016bros sta\u017euot\u0117s – paskata jauniems mokslininkams<\/strong><\/p>\n

Podoktorant\u016bros sta\u017euo\u010di\u0173 (post doc) projekt\u0105 vykdo Lietuvos mokslo taryba. \u0160is projektas prasid\u0117jo 2011 m. lapkri\u010dio 10 d., numatyta pabaiga – 2015 m. liepos 7 d. Per vis\u0105 programos laikotarp\u012f numatyta \u012fgyvendinti 125 sta\u017euotes, trunkan\u010dias iki 2 met\u0173.<\/p>\n

Bendra projekto vert\u0117 – beveik 18,3 mln. Lt, i\u0161 kuri\u0173 ma\u017edaug 10,4 mln. Lt skiria Europos S\u0105jungos strukt\u016briniai fondai i\u0161 2007-2013 met\u0173 finansin\u0117s paramos laikotarpio. <\/p>\n

\u0160is projektas – didel\u0117 paskata jauniems, doktorant\u016bros studijas baigusiems mokslininkams. Sta\u017euotojai gali savaranki\u0161kai rengtis tiriamajam darbui, kelti savo mokslin\u0119, pedagogin\u0119 ir akademin\u0117s vadybos kvalifikacij\u0105. Jaunieji mokslininkai gali inicijuoti savas tyrim\u0173 temas, tokiu b\u016bdu u\u017etikrinant \u017emogi\u0161k\u0173j\u0173 i\u0161tekli\u0173 kompetencijos ir kvalifikacijos pl\u0117tr\u0105.<\/p>\n

\u017d.E\u017eerinskis d\u017eiaugiasi \u0161io projekto metu gal\u0117j\u0119s du kartus nuvykti sta\u017euotis \u012f Italij\u0105, kur Venecijos laboratorijoje gilino savo \u017einias. U\u017e gaut\u0105 finansavim\u0105 mokslininkas taip pat \u012fsigijo stabiliam aparat\u016bros veikimui reikaling\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 bei chemini\u0173 reagent\u0173.<\/p>\n

Aktuali branduolini\u0173 atliek\u0173 saugojimo problema<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u017d.E\u017eerinskis pasakojo, kad \u012fvairi\u0173 jodo atmain\u0173 (izotop\u0173) elgsena gamtin\u0117s kilm\u0117s sistemose pla\u010diai tyrin\u0117jama. D\u0117l ypa\u010d gero tirpumo vandenyje ir pakankamai dideli\u0173 koncentracij\u0173, jodas kaip \u017eymeklis naudojamas tiriant vandens masi\u0173 apykait\u0105 ir perna\u0161\u0105 vandenynuose. Tiriant vandens telkini\u0173 u\u017eter\u0161tum\u0105, \u0161is elementas matuojamas vandens augaluose.
Jaunasis mokslininkas, kitaip nei daugelis kit\u0173 jo koleg\u0173, tirian\u010di\u0173 stabil\u0173 jodo 127 izotop\u0105, \u0117m\u0117si 129-ojo radioaktyvaus jodo tyrim\u0173. \u0160is elementas nat\u016braliai susidaro kosmin\u0117s spinduliuot\u0117s metu, ta\u010diau tai tik ma\u017ea dalis, palyginti su \u017emonijos sukurtais \u0161altiniais: panaudoto radioaktyvaus kuro perdirbimo gamyklos (La Hague Pranc\u016bzijoje, Sellafield Anglijoje), branduolin\u0117s bombos sprogimo metu ar atomin\u0117s elektrin\u0117s katastrofos metu (\u010cernobylis 1986 m., Fuku\u0161ima 2011 m.).<\/p>\n

\u017d.E\u017eerinskio tyrimai labai svarb\u016bs d\u0117l branduolini\u0173 atliek\u0173 saugojimo, mat 129 jodas yra vienas pagrindini\u0173 radionuklid\u0173 ilgalaikio saugojimo radioaktyvi\u0173j\u0173 atliek\u0173 saugyklose (eksploatacin\u0117s atliekos, panaudotas branduolinis kuras).<\/p>\n

\u0160io elemento skilimo trukm\u0117 – 15,7 mln. met\u0173, tai yra per tiek met\u0173 radioaktyviojo elemento kiekis aplinkoje suma\u017e\u0117t\u0173 per pus\u0119, o branduolini\u0173 atliek\u0173 saugykl\u0173 gyvavimo tarpsnis – tik keli \u0161imtai met\u0173. Patek\u0119s \u012f aplink\u0105, radioaktyvusis jodas gamtai pridaryt\u0173 daug \u017ealos, tod\u0117l ie\u0161koma b\u016bd\u0173, kaip b\u016bt\u0173 galima to i\u0161vengti.<\/p>\n

129 jodas Lietuvoje netyrin\u0117tas<\/strong>
\"Ezerinskis<\/a>
\u017d.E\u017eerinskio \u017einiomis, 129 radioaktyvaus jodo tyrimai Lietuvoje anks\u010diau nebuvo atlikti. Mokslini\u0173 tyrim\u0173, susijusi\u0173 su radioaktyviojo jodo sklaida per dirbtinius (betonas, bitumas, dervos) ir gamtinius (molis) barjerus, yra labai nedaug, daugiausiai \u0161ie procesai tik modeliuojami.<\/p>\n

Tyrimus riboja ir nepakankamas \u012fprastin\u0117s matavimo \u012frangos jautris, nes jodo koncentracijos ma\u017eo ir vidutinio lygio radioaktyviuosiuose atliekynuose n\u0117ra auk\u0161tos, o didelio jautrio matavimo \u012franga ne visada prieinama.<\/p>\n

Savo tyrimams \u017d.E\u017eerinskis naudojo labai jautr\u0173, ta\u010diau tam tikslui retai naudojam\u0105 matavimo metod\u0105 – indukuotos plazmos masi\u0173 spektrometrijos metod\u0105, kuris yra milijon\u0105 kart\u0173 jautresnis nei \u012fprastai tam tikslui naudojami beta, gama ir Rentgeno spinduliuot\u0117s spektrometrijos metodai.<\/p>\n

Pasak fiziko, jo tyrim\u0173 tikslas – pl\u0117toti indukciniu b\u016bdu kuriamos plazmos masi\u0173 spektrometrijos metod\u0105, pritaikant j\u012f ultra ma\u017e\u0173 koncentracij\u0173 nustatymui ir izotopinio santykio matavimui. Panaudojus skys\u010di\u0173 chromatograf\u0105, siekiama sukurti greit\u0105 ir pig\u0173 metod\u0105 129 jodo matavimams gamtiniuose bandiniuose.<\/p>\n

Tyr\u0117 \u0160ilut\u0117s, Visagino dirvo\u017eemio bei Grenlandijos sniego bandinius<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mokslininkai sp\u0117jo, kad did\u017eiausia 129 jodo tar\u0161a tur\u0117t\u0173 b\u016bti teritorijoje aplink Visagino atomin\u0119 elektrin\u0119, tod\u0117l b\u016btent i\u0161 ten pa\u0117m\u0117 daugiausiai moksliniams tyrimams reikaling\u0173 dirvo\u017eemio bandini\u0173. \u012edomumo d\u0117lei vienas bandinys paimtas i\u0161 Pamario regiono – \u0160ilut\u0117s rajono. I\u0161 viso surinkti septyni dirvos bandiniai, kurie buvo i\u0161d\u017eiovinti, sumai\u0161yti ir perleisti pro 1 mm siet\u0105.<\/p>\n

Buvo paimti ir sniego bandiniai i\u0161 Grenlandijos, idant b\u016bt\u0173 galima \u012fvertinti \u0161i\u0173 radionuklid\u0173 pasiskirstym\u0105 Arkties regione.
\u017d.E\u017eerinskis pasakojo, kad sniegas yra gan\u0117tinai \u0161vari terp\u0117, tod\u0117l nereikalauja papildomo paruo\u0161imo, tiesiog snieg\u0105 reikia i\u0161tirpinti ir galima atlikti tyrimus. Buvo tyrin\u0117jami septyni sniego bandiniai, paimti i\u0161 skirting\u0173 viet\u0173: einant nuo pavir\u0161iaus iki 2 m gylio. Tik bandinyje, kurio pa\u0117mimo gylis 82 cm, buvo aptiktas 129 jodo p\u0117dsakas. \u017dinant bandinio pa\u0117mimo gyl\u012f bei dar kelet\u0105 parametr\u0173, galima nustatyti bandiniu paimto sniego susiformavimo dat\u0105, kuri atitinka ankstyv\u0105 2011 m. pavasar\u012f.<\/p>\n

Mokslininkas nesiima tvirtai teigti, kad \u0161is radinys tiesiogiai susij\u0119s su tuo metu \u012fvykusia Fuku\u0161imos atomin\u0117s elektrin\u0117s katastrofa, ta\u010diau tai tik sustiprina dar keleto mokslin\u0117je spaudoje paskelbt\u0173 darb\u0173 i\u0161vadas, kurie teigia, kad radionuklidai paleisti Fuku\u0161imos avarijos metu, gan\u0117tinai greitai gal\u0117jo pasiekti net ir toliausiai nutolusius pasaulio kampelius.<\/p>\n

Stebinan\u010di\u0173 atradim\u0173 mokslininkas aptiko dirvo\u017eemio bandiniuose i\u0161 \u0160ilut\u0117s. Pasirodo, radioaktyvi\u0173j\u0173 daleli\u0173 koncentracija \u010dia 10 kart\u0173 didesn\u0117 nei bandiniuose, paimtuose i\u0161 apylinki\u0173 netoli Ignalinos atomin\u0117s elektrin\u0117s.<\/p>\n

Pasak \u017d.E\u017eerinskio, tokios jodo koncentracijos \u0160ilut\u0117s rajone prie\u017eas\u010di\u0173 gali b\u016bti \u012fvairi\u0173: galb\u016bt d\u0117l to, kad \u0160ilut\u0117 ar\u010diau j\u016bros, kur ir taip jodo koncentracija didesn\u0117, galb\u016bt kalti praslink\u0119 radioaktyv\u016bs debesys po \u010cernobylio ar Fuku\u0161imos sprogim\u0173.<\/p>\n

Kol kas mokslininkai negali pagr\u012fsti n\u0117 vieno sp\u0117jimo, tod\u0117l u\u017esak\u0117 dar 12 dirvo\u017eemio bandini\u0173 i\u0161 visos Lietuvos (juos v\u0117l si\u0173s \u012f Kinij\u0105), kad gal\u0117t\u0173 susidaryti bendr\u0105 129 jodo pasklidimo \u017eem\u0117lap\u012f ir pateikti tikslesnes i\u0161vadas.<\/p>\n

\u017d.E\u017eerinskis kartu ir nuramina, nes netoli \u0160ilut\u0117s rast\u0173 daleli\u0173 koncentracijos labai ma\u017eos – pikogramai grame. \u201eVienas profesorius buvo \"ESpasak\u0119s: mikrogramai grame yra ma\u017eai, nanogramai grame yra labai ma\u017eai, o pikogramai grame tai jau filosofija\u201c, – vaizd\u017eiai palygina jis, ir kartu d\u017eiaugiasi, kad yra toki\u0173 prietais\u0173, kurie nustato netgi tokias ma\u017eas koncentracijas.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pernai baland\u017eio m\u0117nes\u012f ra\u0161\u0117me apie podoktorant\u016bros sta\u017euo\u010di\u0173 programoje dalyvaujant\u012f jaun\u0105 mokslinink\u0105 \u0161iluti\u0161k\u012f \u017dilvin\u0105 E\u017eerinsk\u012f. Spalio m\u0117nes\u012f fizikas gr\u012f\u017eo i\u0161 antrosios sta\u017euot\u0117s Venecijoje, kur naudodamas naujausius mokslinius metodus, dirvo\u017eemio bandiniuose ie\u0161kojo radioaktyvi\u0173j\u0173 jod\u0173 daleli\u0173 p\u0117dsak\u0173. Idant \u012fsitikint\u0173 gaut\u0173 rezultat\u0173 patikimumu, kelet\u0105 bandini\u0173 i\u0161 \u0160ilut\u0117s, Ryt\u0173 Lietuvos ir Grenlandijos mokslininkas i\u0161siunt\u0117 \u012f vien\u0105 Kinijos laboratorij\u0173, kuri turi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-583","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-kultura-ir-svietimas"],"yoast_head":"\nI\u0161tyr\u0119s \u0160ilut\u0117s mi\u0161ko dirvo\u017eem\u012f, \u0161iluti\u0161kis fizikas aptiko stebinan\u010di\u0173 dalyk\u0173 - \u0160ilut\u0117s naujienos<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silutesnaujienos.lt\/lt\/istyres-silutes-misko-dirvozemi-silutiskis-fizikas-aptiko-stebinanciu-dalyku\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"lt_LT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"I\u0161tyr\u0119s \u0160ilut\u0117s mi\u0161ko dirvo\u017eem\u012f, \u0161iluti\u0161kis fizikas aptiko stebinan\u010di\u0173 dalyk\u0173 - \u0160ilut\u0117s naujienos\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Pernai baland\u017eio m\u0117nes\u012f ra\u0161\u0117me apie podoktorant\u016bros sta\u017euo\u010di\u0173 programoje dalyvaujant\u012f jaun\u0105 mokslinink\u0105 \u0161iluti\u0161k\u012f \u017dilvin\u0105 E\u017eerinsk\u012f. 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